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Pragmatic multi-stage simulated annealing for optimal placement of synchrophasor measurement units in

Pathirikkat GOPAKUMAR,M. JAYA BHARATA REDDY,Dusmata Kumar MOHANTA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第2期   页码 148-161 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0344-z

摘要： Conventional power grids across the globe are reforming to smart power grids with cutting edge technologies in real time monitoring and control methods. Advanced real time monitoring is facilitated by incorporating synchrophasor measurement units such as phasor measurement units (PMUs) to the power grid monitoring system. Several physical and economic constraints limit the deployment of PMUs in smart power grids. This paper proposes a pragmatic multi-stage simulated annealing (PMSSA) methodology for finding the optimal locations in the smart power grid for installing PMUs in conjunction with existing conventional measurement units (CMUs) to achieve a complete observability of the grid. The proposed PMSSA is much faster than the conventional simulated annealing (SA) approach as it utilizes controlled uphill and downhill movements during various stages of optimization. Moreover, the method of integrating practical phasor measurement unit (PMU) placement conditions like PMU channel limits and redundant placement can be easily handled. The efficacy of the proposed methodology has been validated through simulation studies in IEEE standard bus systems and practical regional Indian power grids.

关键词： phasor measurement units (PMUs)     pragmatic PMU placement     simulated annealing (SA)     western region Indian power grid (WRIPG)    

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Implementation and performance evaluation of advance metering infrastructure for Borneo-Wide Power Grid

Mujahid TABASSUM,Manas K. HALDAR,Duaa Fatima S. KHAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第1期   页码 192-211 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0438-2

摘要： In this paper, a supervisory computer network for Borneo-Wide Power Grid system have been proposed and implemented, which includes a renewable power generation and advanced metering infrastructure. An Internet-based communication network running on multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) has been implemented for a smart power grid, with the addition of the renewable energy monitoring system. The centralized supervisory control and data acquisition systems (SCADA) are replaced by a wide area monitoring system(WAMS) comprising of a phasor measurement unit (PMU). The implemented communication network used advanced metering infrastructure that operates on worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX), wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) and low power Wi-Fi, which are proposed for the distribution systems of Sarawak Energy. The proposed wide area network (WAN) is simulated using OPNET Modeler and the results are compared with the existing WAN used by Sarawak Energy.

关键词： renewable energy     multiprotocol label switching (MPLS)     power grid     phasor measurement unit (PMU)     supervisory control and data acquisition systems (SCADA)     wide area monitoring system (WAMS)     worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX)     synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH)    

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Optimal redundant placement of PMUs in Indian power grid — northern, eastern and north-eastern regions

Pathirikkat GOPAKUMAR, G. Surya CHANDRA, M. Jaya Bharata REDDY, Dusmata Kumar MOHANTA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 413-428 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0274-6

摘要： Effective utilization of renewable energy sources and efficient management of electric energy are essential for any developing countries like India. This can be envisioned through the implementation of concepts of smart grid (SG). One of the key requisites for SG implementation is that the grid should be completely observable. Renovation of conventional Indian power grid to a SG necessitates incorporation of the phasor measurement units (PMUs) in the present power grid measurement and monitoring system. Since the cost of PMU is high and any bus containing a PMU makes the neighboring connected buses observable, optimal placement of PMUs is very important for complete observability of the grid. This paper proposes optimal redundant geographical locations in the northern, eastern and north-eastern regions of Indian power grid for PMU placement. The PMUs installed in these geographical locations will make the grid completely observable and maintain the observability under the conditions of failure of some PMUs or branch outages. Integer linear programming has been used for finding the optimal PMU locations. The results proposed in this paper can be a stepping stone for revamping the Indian power grid to a SG ensuring complete observability during different contingency conditions.

关键词： phasor measurement unit (PMU)     smart grid (SG)     Indian power grid     northern region Indian power grid (NRIPG)     eastern region Indian power grid (ERIPG)     north-eastern region Indian power grid (NERIPG)     redundancy     integer linear programing (ILP)    

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Eddy current measurement of the thickness of top Cu film of the multilayer interconnects in the integrated

Zilian QU,Yonggang MENG,Qian ZHAO

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第10卷 第1期   页码 1-6 doi: 10.1007/s11465-015-0325-2

摘要：

This paper proposes a new eddy current method, named equivalent unit method (EUM), for the thickness measurement of the top copper film of multilayer interconnects in the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process, which is an important step in the integrated circuit (IC) manufacturing. The influence of the underneath circuit layers on the eddy current is modeled and treated as an equivalent film thickness. By subtracting this equivalent film component, the accuracy of the thickness measurement of the top copper layer with an eddy current sensor is improved and the absolute error is 3 nm for sampler measurement.

关键词： CMP     eddy current     multilayer wafer     Cu interconnects     equivalent unit    

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Optimal placement of PMUs for the smart grid implementation in Indian power grid—A case study

Pathirikkat GOPAKUMAR, G. Surya CHANDRA, M. Jaya Bharata REDDY, Dusmata Kumar MOHANTA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 358-372 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0257-7

摘要： Efficient utilization of energy resources is essential for a developing country like India. The concept of smart grid (SG) can provide a highly reliable power system with optimized utilization of available resources. The present Indian power grid requires revolutionary changes to meet the growing demands and to make the grid smarter and reliable. One of the important requirements for SG is the instantaneous monitoring of the voltage, current and power flows at all buses in the grid. The traditional monitoring system cannot satisfy this requirement since they are based on nonlinear power flow equations. Synchro-phasor-measurement devices like phasor measurement units (PMUs) can measure the phasor values of voltages at installed buses. Consequently, the currents passing through all branches connected to that bus can be computed. Since the voltage phasor values at the neighboring buses of a bus containing the PMU can be estimated using Ohm’s law, it is redundant to install PMUs at all the buses in a power grid for its complete observability. This paper proposes the optimal geographical locations for the PMUs in southern region Indian power grid for the implementation of SG, using Integer Linear Programming. The proposed optimal geographical locations for PMU placement can be a stepping stone for the implementation of SG in India.

关键词： phasor measurement units (PMUs)     smart grid (SG)     southern region Indian power grid (SRIPG)     integer linear programming (ILP)    

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A solution to stochastic unit commitment problem for a wind-thermal system coordination

B. SARAVANAN,Shreya MISHRA,Debrupa NAG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 192-200 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0306-x

摘要： Unit commitment (UC) problem is one of the most important decision making problems in power system. In this paper the UC problem is solved by considering it as a real time problem by adding stochasticity in the generation side because of wind-thermal co-ordination system as well as stochasticity in the load side by incorporating the randomness of the load. The most important issue that needs to be addressed is the achievement of an economic unit commitment solution after solving UC as a real time problem. This paper proposes a hybrid approach to solve the stochastic unit commitment problem considering the volatile nature of wind and formulating the UC problem as a chance constrained problem in which the load is met with high probability over the entire time period.

关键词： unit commitment (UC)     randomness     wind generation     univariate     chance constrained    

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density measurement for plastic injection molding via ultrasonic technology

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第17卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0714-2

摘要： Density variation during the injection molding process directly reflects the state of plastic melt and contains valuable information for process monitoring and optimization. Therefore, in-situ density measurement is of great interest and has significant application value. The existing methods, such as pressure−volume−temperature (PVT) method, have the shortages of time-delay and high cost of sensors. This study is the first to propose an in-situ density measurement method using ultrasonic technology. The analyses of the time-domain and frequency-domain signals are combined in the proposed method. The ultrasonic velocity is obtained from the time-domain signals, and the acoustic impedance is computed through a full-spectral analysis of the frequency-domain signals. Experiments with different process conditions are conducted, including different melt temperature, injection speed, material, and mold structure. Results show that the proposed method has good agreement with the PVT method. The proposed method has the advantages of in-situ measurement, non-destructive, high accuracy, low cost, and is of great application value for the injection molding industry.

关键词： ultrasonic measurement     melt density     in-situ measurement     injection molding    

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Solving unit commitment problem using a novel version of harmony search algorithm

Roozbeh MORSALI,Tohid JAFARI,Amirhossein GHODS,Mohammad KARIMI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 297-304 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0309-7

摘要： In this context, a novel structure was proposed for improving harmony search (HS) algorithm to solve the unit comment (UC) problem. The HS algorithm obtained optimal solution for defined objective function by improvising, updating and checking operators. In the proposed improved self-adaptive HS (SGHS) algorithm, two important control parameters were adjusted to reach better solution from the simple HS algorithm. The objective function of this study consisted of operation, start-up and shut-down costs. To confirm the effectiveness, the SGHS algorithm was tested on systems with 10, 20, 40 and 60 generating units, and the obtained results were compared with those of the simple HS algorithm and other related works.

关键词： generation scheduling     harmony search (HS) algorithm     intelligent technique     unit commitment    

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A solution to the unit commitment problem—a review

B. SARAVANAN, Siddharth DAS, Surbhi SIKRI, D. P. KOTHARI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第2期   页码 223-236 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0240-3

摘要： Unit commitment (UC) is an optimization problem used to determine the operation schedule of the generating units at every hour interval with varying loads under different constraints and environments. Many algorithms have been invented in the past five decades for optimization of the UC problem, but still researchers are working in this field to find new hybrid algorithms to make the problem more realistic. The importance of UC is increasing with the constantly varying demands. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the power sector to keep track of the latest methodologies to further optimize the working criterions of the generating units. This paper focuses on providing a clear review of the latest techniques employed in optimizing UC problems for both stochastic and deterministic loads, which has been acquired from many peer reviewed published papers. It has been divided into many sections which include various constraints based on profit, security, emission and time. It emphasizes not only on deregulated and regulated environments but also on renewable energy and distributed generating systems. In terms of contributions, the detailed analysis of all the UC algorithms has been discussed for the benefit of new researchers interested in working in this field.

关键词： unit commitment (UC)     optimization     deterministic load     stochastic load     evolutionary programming (EP)     hybrid    

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Energy saving design of the machining unit of hobbing machine tool with integrated optimization

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第17卷 第3期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0694-2

摘要： The machining unit of hobbing machine tool accounts for a large portion of the energy consumption during the operating phase. The optimization design is a practical means of energy saving and can reduce energy consumption essentially. However, this issue has rarely been discussed in depth in previous research. A comprehensive function of energy consumption of the machining unit is built to address this problem. Surrogate models are established by using effective fitting methods. An integrated optimization model for reducing tool displacement and energy consumption is developed on the basis of the energy consumption function and surrogate models, and the parameters of the motor and structure are considered simultaneously. Results show that the energy consumption and tool displacement of the machining unit are reduced, indicating that energy saving is achieved and the machining accuracy is guaranteed. The influence of optimization variables on the objectives is analyzed to inform the design.

关键词： energy saving design     energy consumption     machining unit     integrated optimization     machine tool    

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Low crosstalk switch unit for dense piezoelectric sensor networks

Lei QIU, Shenfang YUAN,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第4期   页码 401-406 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0047-4

摘要： Structural health monitoring (SHM), on the basis of piezoelectric (PZT) sensors and lamb wave method, is efficient in estimating the state of monitored structures. Furthermore, to monitor large-scale structures, dense piezoelectric sensor networks are required, which usually contain many piezoelectric sensor pairs called actuator-sensor channels. In that case, considering the few data acquisition channels especially in the data acquisition board with a high sampling rate and limited quantity of signal amplifiers used in an integrated computer system, a switch unit is adopted to switch to different channels. Because of the high frequency and power of the lamb wave excitation signal, there exists a crosstalk signal in the switch unit. A large crosstalk signal is mixed into the response signal so that the on/off-line signal processing task is difficult to achieve. This paper first analyzes the crosstalk signal phenomenon, describes its production mechanism, and proposes a method to reduce it. Then a 24-switch channel low crosstalk switch unit based on a digital I/O board PCI7248 produced by Adlink technology is developed. An experiment is implemented to validate it. Its low crosstalk characteristics make it promote the real application of the SHM based active lamb wave method. Finally, a general software program based on LabVIEW software platform is developed to control this switch unit.

关键词： structural health monitoring (SHM)     piezoelectric (PZT) sensor networks     switch unit     crosstalk signal    

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Ensemble unit and AI techniques for prediction of rock strain

Pradeep T; Pijush SAMUI; Navid KARDANI; Panagiotis G ASTERIS

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第7期   页码 858-870 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0831-3

摘要： The behavior of rock masses is influenced by a variety of forces, with measurement of stress and strain playing the most critical roles in assessing deformation. The laboratory test for determining strain at each location within rock samples is expensive and difficult but rock strain data are important for predicting failure of rock material. Many researchers employ AI technology in order to solve these difficulties. AI algorithms such as gradient boosting machine (GBM), support vector regression (SVR), random forest (RF), and group method of data handling (GMDH) are used to efficiently estimate the strain at every point within a rock sample. Additionally, the ensemble unit (EnU) may be utilized to evaluate rock strain. In this study, 3000 experimental data are used for the purpose of prediction. The obtained strain values are then evaluated using various statistical parameters and compared to each other using EnU. Ranking analysis, stress-strain curve, Young’s modulus, Poisson’s ratio, actual vs. predicted curve, error matrix and the Akaike’s information criterion (AIC) values are used for comparing models. The GBM model achieved 98.16% and 99.98% prediction accuracy (in terms of values of R2) in the longitudinal and lateral dimensions, respectively, during the testing phase. The GBM model, based on the experimental data, has the potential to be a new option for engineers to use when assessing rock strain.

关键词： prediction     strain     ensemble unit     rank analysis     error matrix    

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Performance design of a cryogenic air separation unit for variable working conditions using the lumped

Jinghua XU, Tiantian WANG, Qianyong CHEN, Shuyou ZHANG, Jianrong TAN

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第15卷 第1期   页码 24-42 doi: 10.1007/s11465-019-0558-6

摘要： Large-scale cryogenic air separation units (ASUs), which are widely used in global petrochemical and semiconductor industries, are being developed with high operating elasticity under variable working conditions. Different from discrete processes in traditional machinery manufacturing, the ASU process is continuous and involves the compression, adsorption, cooling, condensation, liquefaction, evaporation, and distillation of multiple streams. This feature indicates that thousands of technical parameters in adsorption, heat transfer, and distillation processes are correlated and merged into a large-scale complex system. A lumped parameter model (LPM) of ASU is proposed by lumping the main factors together and simplifying the secondary ones to achieve accurate and fast performance design. On the basis of material and energy conservation laws, the piecewise-lumped parameters are extracted under variable working conditions by using LPM. Takagi–Sugeno (T–S) fuzzy interval detection is recursively utilized to determine whether the critical point is detected or not by using different thresholds. Compared with the traditional method, LPM is particularly suitable for “rough first then precise” modeling by expanding the feasible domain using fuzzy intervals. With LPM, the performance of the air compressor, molecular sieve adsorber, turbo expander, main plate-fin heat exchangers, and packing column of a 100000 Nm O /h large-scale ASU is enhanced to adapt to variable working conditions. The designed value of net power consumption per unit of oxygen production (kW/(Nm O )) is reduced by 6.45%.

关键词： performance design     air separation unit (ASU)     lumped parameter model (LPM)     variable working conditions     T–S fuzzy interval detection    

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A measurement system for thin elastohydrodynamic lubrication films

WANG Xuefeng, GUO Feng, YANG Peiran

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第2卷 第2期   页码 193-196 doi: 10.1007/s11465-007-0032-8

摘要： An elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) film measurement system using multi-beam interferometry is introduced in this paper. The measurement principle and the instrumentation are discussed. A simple and efficient method is suggested to obtain the fringe order of measured points. It is demonstrated that the presented measurement system can provide continuous measurement of lubricating films from nano to micro scales at a nano-level resolution, and can be used to investigate ultra-thin EHL films and tiny variations in EHL films.

关键词： instrumentation     continuous measurement     elastohydrodynamic lubrication     ultra-thin     measurement    

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A solution to unit commitment problem using invasive weed optimization algorithm

B. SARAVANAN, E. R. VASUDEVAN, D. P. KOTHARI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 487-494 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0279-1

摘要： Unit commitment (UC) is one of the most important aspect of power generation in the world today. Though, there is no method to find the exact optimized solution, there exists several meta-heuristic algorithms to determine the close to exact solution. This paper proposes a novel solution to effectively determine UC and generation cost using the technique of invasive weed optimization (IWO). The existing technique distributes the load demand among all the generating units. The method proposed here utilizes the output of UC obtained by using the Lagrangian relaxation (LR) method and calculates the required generation from only the plants that are ON discarding the OFF generator units and thereby giving a faster and more accurate response. Moreover, the results show the comparison between the LR-particle swarm optimization (PSO) and LR-IWO, and prove that the cost of generation for a 4 unit, 8 hour schedule is much less in the case of IWO when compared to PSO.

关键词： Lagrangian relaxation (LR)     invasive weed optimization (IWO)     economic dispatch     optimization     fuel cost     seed     fitness    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Pragmatic multi-stage simulated annealing for optimal placement of synchrophasor measurement units in

Pathirikkat GOPAKUMAR,M. JAYA BHARATA REDDY,Dusmata Kumar MOHANTA

期刊论文

Implementation and performance evaluation of advance metering infrastructure for Borneo-Wide Power Grid

Mujahid TABASSUM,Manas K. HALDAR,Duaa Fatima S. KHAN

期刊论文

Optimal redundant placement of PMUs in Indian power grid — northern, eastern and north-eastern regions

Pathirikkat GOPAKUMAR, G. Surya CHANDRA, M. Jaya Bharata REDDY, Dusmata Kumar MOHANTA

期刊论文

Eddy current measurement of the thickness of top Cu film of the multilayer interconnects in the integrated

Zilian QU,Yonggang MENG,Qian ZHAO

期刊论文

Optimal placement of PMUs for the smart grid implementation in Indian power grid—A case study

Pathirikkat GOPAKUMAR, G. Surya CHANDRA, M. Jaya Bharata REDDY, Dusmata Kumar MOHANTA

期刊论文

A solution to stochastic unit commitment problem for a wind-thermal system coordination

B. SARAVANAN,Shreya MISHRA,Debrupa NAG

期刊论文

density measurement for plastic injection molding via ultrasonic technology

期刊论文

Solving unit commitment problem using a novel version of harmony search algorithm

Roozbeh MORSALI,Tohid JAFARI,Amirhossein GHODS,Mohammad KARIMI

期刊论文

A solution to the unit commitment problem—a review

B. SARAVANAN, Siddharth DAS, Surbhi SIKRI, D. P. KOTHARI

期刊论文

Energy saving design of the machining unit of hobbing machine tool with integrated optimization

期刊论文

Low crosstalk switch unit for dense piezoelectric sensor networks

Lei QIU, Shenfang YUAN,

期刊论文

Ensemble unit and AI techniques for prediction of rock strain

Pradeep T; Pijush SAMUI; Navid KARDANI; Panagiotis G ASTERIS

期刊论文

Performance design of a cryogenic air separation unit for variable working conditions using the lumped

Jinghua XU, Tiantian WANG, Qianyong CHEN, Shuyou ZHANG, Jianrong TAN

期刊论文

A measurement system for thin elastohydrodynamic lubrication films

WANG Xuefeng, GUO Feng, YANG Peiran

期刊论文

A solution to unit commitment problem using invasive weed optimization algorithm

B. SARAVANAN, E. R. VASUDEVAN, D. P. KOTHARI

期刊论文